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1 1 H 4 J Vol. 6 RALEIGH, N. O., APRIL 7, 1891. No 7 j. r FAEMER. TpE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPlE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. ' i ; : - : 1 i CIRCULATION. The actual circulation of Volume V which closed with the issue of Febru ary 17th, 1891, was as follows February 18, 1890, eseat sentimental traditions have no issues and live power to be March April June July August, 4, " 11, " 18, " 25, " 1, " 8, " 15, " 6, " 13, " 20, " 27, " 3, " 10, " 17, " 24, " 1, " 8, " 15, " - " 5,' " 5, " 12, " 12,840 12,240 12,000 10,560 10,560 10,800 10,800 10,800 10,800 10,800 11,040 11,040 11,160 11,160 11,400 11,280 11,280 11,400 11,400 11,400 11,520 11,640 12,360 13,800 16,320 16,680 First 6 mouths. Making a August Sept. 19,1890, 16,680 26, 2, 16, 23, 30, 7, 14, 21, 28, 4. 11, 18, ti or. Deeemb'r 2, 9, 16, 23, October Nov. January February 16,680 16,800 16,800 17,040 16,800 17,280 17,040 17,280 17,280 17,280 17,280 17,760 17,760 17,760 18,230 18,240 18,240 18,240 6, 1891, 18,240 13, " 18,240 20, " 18,240 3, 10, 17, 18,240 18,240 18,240 18,240 307,080 Second 6 months, 4o8,160 total circulation for the year of 765,210; averaging for 52 suc cessive issues, per issue, 11,716, and showing a net increase for the year of 5,400, or more than 113 per week. The above statement is taken from the records kept in the office of The Progressive Farmer, and incorrect to the best of my knowledge and belief. J. W. Denmark, Business Manager. I am Book-keeper for Edwards & Broughton, Printers and Binders, Ral eigh, N. C. The press-work on The Progressive Farmer has been done for the past three years by Edwards & Broughton, and I have kept account of the same. I have compared the above statement with the account I have kept, and find it tallies throughout, and is correct. T. J. Bashford. Personally appeared before me, W. T. Womble, Notary Public, J. W. Den mark, Business Manager of The Pro gressive Farmer, als3 T. J. Bashford, Book-keeper for Edwards & Broughton, and m ike oath that the statements contained above are correct to the best of their knowledge and belief. In witness where )f , I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my notarial seal of office this day, February 26th, 1891. W. T. Womble, Notarial Seal Notary Public. EDITORIAL NOTES. The Democrats of Chicago are having a most bitter factional fight over the mayoralty of that somewhat famous city. The straightouts are almost frantic in their efforts to get Senator elect Palmer to come from Springfield to help them out. General Palmer is said to be struggling with la grippe, and so cannot go to the assistance of his friends in Chicago. In one of the rooms of the Census office in Washington are to be seen ab stracts of nine millions of mortgages which hang like an infernal incubus over the homes and farms and business of this country. And yet, when the farmers organize to secure from the government the fair play that is neces sary to enable them to clear off these mortgages some of the impudent papers of the old parties say that they do not know what they want. Oh Lord, how long. 0 tm It is about to turn out that the reci procity feature of the McKinley bill, as applied to trade with South Ameri-. can States, will force practical free trade upon Brazil. The favored na tions clauses of treaties which Brazil has with certain European nations are interpreted by those nations as binding Brazil to grant to their merchandise the same privileges which she grants under the McKinley law to the United State. It is4 more than possible that Mr. Blaine's beautiful scheme of reci procity will come to grief under the pressure that will be brought to be ir upon Brazil. The more one studies the statesmanship of Messrs. Blaine and McKinley, the more he becomes con vinced that those illustrious men have "bit off more than they can chew." I to the laboring people of the w t If the existing political organi sat wish a new lease of life and use fuln -they must plant themselves upon She principles of eternal justice which underlie the reforms demanded by the working people. If they do not this, they will be unceremoniously brushed aside in order that some other organization with ability, to be useful to all classes, may take their places. We suppose the managers of the old political parties will regard this warn ing as a piece of mere idle gasconade. Be it so. "Whom the gods mean to destroy, they first make mad." Rev. Dr. Howard Crosby, for 25 years the pastor of the Fourth Avenue Presbyterian Church in New York City, died on the 29th ult., just after he had entered into the sixty-sixth year of his age. Dr. Crosby was a scholar, a theo logian, a reformer, an eminent preacher, a wise pastor, and a man of convictions. He never disguised an opinion; but spoke right out the matter that was in him. He had the warmest of friends gathered from amongst people of all ranks, who loved what was manly and fearless ; and he had bitter enemies in the ranks of those men and women who hate manline-is and courage and exalt expediency above principle. The friends of God and of human progress and prosperity will sadly miss Dr. Crosby. The enemies of God and men in New York will, doubtless, breathe easier, now that this eloquent man's tongue has forever grown still. One of our New York exchanges had a long and profusely illustrated article upon the death of Lawrence Barrett, a piay-actor, ana a paragrapn upon the death of Gen. Johnston, a com mander of armies and a hero of three wars. This may indicate that the tastes which control our metropolitan contemporary lead him to place a hifrher value upon actors than ho places upon tne leaders or armies. On another hand, it may indicate that the paper we allude to is simply pub lished to sell ; and that its editor knows his company and means to provide them with such articles of mental diet as they are certain to buy. If either of these suppositions is well founded it is humiliating enough. The value of a newspaper as a means of informa tion and education is very greatly im paired by the dominancy of degener ated taste and the presence of the pandering spirit in its management. News comes to us that thirty-five States will certainly be represented at the conference of the different labor organizations to be held in Cincinnati in May next. We hope this confer ence will take the time to discuss the whole field of reform, and prepare such a platform of principles as will secure the hearty endorsement and the enthusiastic support of every laboring man in this country. Parties that While we do not approve of the mob bing of the Mafia gang in New Orleans; and while we are not at all averse to the investigation that the government of Italy is now demanding, we think some of the utterances of excited per sons at some of the mass-meetings that have been held by Italians in this coun try are exceedingly foolish. The great masses of the American people had no more to do with the New Orleans mob bing, and are' no more in favor of offer ing insult to Italians as Italians, than ls Humbert, King of Italy. But it ought to be known that the men who were mobbed to death were known to belong to an oath-bound conclave, whose business was and is the defiance of law and society ; and, in addition, they were stamed with the crime of murder. All the talk about war is foolish very foolish. Let the matter be investigated, and let such repara tion as justice may require be made. .But let us hear no more of war and revenge. t "i r ousifii'ii miLLEK WAS OUT OF WORK AND HAD NO MONEY AND CONCLUDED TO die. This statement reads strangely to any one who is familiar with the eloquent and powerful arguments that were ever made in favor of the Mc Kinley bill during the first session of the Fifty-first Congress. One would have supposed that the beneficent Jklc- Kinley bill would have long ago put every working man in the United States in easy circumstances, enabling him to keep a carriage, have three or four courses every day for dinner, and comforting him with the blessed con sciousness of security that comes to a man with a respectable bank account. If the men who passed the McKinley bill were not a set of lying prophets, we see no reason why Mr. Muller should have shot himself to death, be cause he was out of work and had no money. We wonder if it can be true, that the report of the pistol that sent a bullet crashing into the brain of Mr. Muller could have been in any wise a protest against the McKinley bill. Bogue, Carteret Co., N. C, March 2, 1891. ' Mr. Editor: The brain faculties make men the'ereatures of interest an(J ambition. These funny faculties pre dominate and lead them forth upon th4 living on the coarsest food, enduring the scorching heat of summer, and biting frosts of winter, and all the time growing poorer, we know that it is due to the effects of vicious legislation, and are determined to do all in our public marts of the different countries power to help bring about a reform among the bustle of this world, tQ and to Pce the reins of government struggle after this world's goods. A$ leaders among men whose whole soul are imbued in her traffic for theiif averice in her hidden treasures of am bitions, they seek for fame and fortune. All turning around with the world in her revolutions, many with different objects in view, all claiming a certain' amount of common practical sense. the agricultural classes, too, are try ing to make money by making cotton at the present prices, which is bound to result in bankruptcy of the heart and purse. Almost every man makes money out of it that touches it except the farmer, still we have divine in junctions that the laborer is worthy of his hire, and another, all things are given to industry. Does it mean slight of hand and destitute of heart? .And another earn thy bread by the sweat of thy brow? And another, the hide ous of all staring every parent in the face, that it does seem that they should heed, and that is, that the oppressorV children shall be visited to the third and fourth generations by condemna tions for the wicked legitimate lar cenies of the fathers. But the "wicked prosper as the green bay tree.", That suits, and they adhere. We are not opposed to any man's enterprise. We wish them air abundant success. We favor all in a Christian light. But we do think that the bu rdens should be more equally distributed and borne by every enterprise in the land. But how these things are to be equally adjusted the God of battles only knows. Take the histories of the Eastern countries, China, tor instance. 1 here was not a known case of larceny or bastardy in all China until England raised the blockade and introduced the opium trade. Then the gods of avarice made their rush and stalked abroad all over the land, trampling every law under foot known to civilization and common decency. The result was colossal fpv tunes and illegitimate children. The farmers need cheap money for at least five years upon contract, with specifi cations to pay the interest and a cer tain amount of the principle annually until the debt is linquidated by con tract. We cannot borrow money and pay in eight or nine months and be benefited. We cannot invest in stock, etc., and realize the money for its re turn in so short a time. I have no plans to devise, and leave it to philan thropists and better brains. It requires the brains and character of statesmen, so that no one enterprise shall come to harm. R. W. Humphrey. in the hands of the people again. We see that great efforts are being made to weaken the influence of our brothers and noble leaders, the Hon. C. W. Macune and President L. L. Polk, by circulating false and slander- rous reports about them. whereuDon the Sub-Alliance to which I belong, known as Big Spring Alliance, No. 9, passed the following resolutions : Resolved, That we condemn with indignation the party press of the country that is circulating false and slanderous reports against our worthy leaders and beloved brethren, the Hon C. W. Macune and President L. L. Polk. 2. That we will not patronize any paper that has directly or indirectly lent its aid to such villany. We know Bro. Polk personally in this part of Virginia, and some are prophesying for him to be our next President of the United State. We know that he has done more to break down the wall of sectionalism between the North and South than any other man living, and that brother Macune is doing glorious work, as an educator of the ' 'common people." Yours fraternally, J. A. Brumback, Secy Big Spring Alliance. Mr. Editor: lam a Northern man but I like the ring of your paper. I like your comments on Bro. Rhyne's article, March 24th. I like the progress the Alliance is making North, South, East and West. In fact we will soon be so imbued with intense interest in the best good of our common country that the foregoing terms will not be used to denote sectionalism. It must be wiped out, and I believe the Alliance to be the instrument in the hands of the people to accomplish it. It is to day the largest industrial society, or I Hope Mills, Page Co., Va., Feb. 13, 1891. Mr. Editor: I have been a reader of your most excellent paper for some time, but have never seen anything from this part of the Alliance vineyard in its columns. I enjoy reading your paper very much ; believe it to be one of the best reform educators published in the United States. I note many in teresting letters from different sec tions of your State showing that her laboring men are fully aroused, and thoroughly aware of the danger that threatens the wealth-producers of this country. The Alliancemen of Virginia are proud of their North Carolina brethren, and recognize in them valiant soldiers who have enlisted for the entire war, and who will ever be found in the foremost ranks, battling for the rights of freemen, be it at the ballot-box or on bloody fields. And just here let me say that many thousands of toilers in Virginia have espoused the same cause, and many are being added daily to our number, having been brought to a knowledge of the truth by reading such papers as The Progressive Farmer and Na tional Economist, and we are deter mined to stand shoulder to shoulder with our brethren of other States, and prove ourselves worthy to be called brethren by them. We know that our country is on the brink of financial ruin ; that the laboring mil lions are to-day the slaves, practically, of the monied few ; that we are taxed beyond endurance, and yet our masters are tightening their grip on us and demanding more. Do you ask if we know what has re duced us to this miserable condition ? Why do we, with our wives and chil dren, toil from year to year, wearing nothing but the cheapest clothing, and may say societies, of its age that ever , .. , . : a r -a a ..titv urgcuuztiu, iur n co-operates with all kindred associations whose object and aim is to lift the bur dens from the shoulders of the masses and save the homes of the producers. Never has the industrial man been so in earnest or so determined to better iiis condition. luen are now joining hands in this great work regardless of society, nationality or color. Public men have told us for years that agri culture, though it was the basis of the nation's prosperity, was depressed; that farmers were not making the money they should. This has been echoed and re-echoed in every State ; and the most humiliating about it was, they said it was all his own fault, be cause he was ignorant and was still fol lowing in the ruts of his forefathers ; and as there was some truth in this he began to look about him and ask what he should do to be saved. Institutes were organized, reading matter freely distributed, and he began to read how to make better butter and raise better stock. He also read that there are other reasons why his business is de pressed. He reads that capital, trusts and monopolies are continually tight ening their grip on his throat; that the wealth he has for years been help ing to produce is gradually, like the sands in the hour glass, passing into the hands of the few monied men of the land; that money from foreign lands is being sent &k& deposited in the various States of our Union to buy his home when the sheriff decides to sell. He has concluded that co operation is the only way out, and the legislatures is the place to begin, for laws must be made to give him equal rights and insure justice. He reads and hears it stated by men well posted that the secret of success is for a man to be ready for his opportunity when it comes, and he has concluded it has come in the Alliance. Can you blame him? Oh no. It is a fight by the common people for a common cause against a common danger. The echoes from Kansas, Iowa and the New England States, mingled with those from Kentucky, Georgia, Wis consin, Ohio and Minnesota, are ring ing in our ears. The farmer is not quietly sitting down after the last election and awaiting results and the fulfillment of promises, until politicians begin to look after his vote again. No, no. He i3 in the field watehing intent ly and getting ready for business in the future. He realizes more fully than ever before that there is no time to lose : that eternal vigilance is the price of his success and the saving of his home. As Lecturer for Wisconsin I can say I am in sympathy with the Alliance efforts everywhere. We ex tend the olive branch and the right hand of fellowship to all who are work ing for the motto : Equal rights and j not say to the victor belongs all the spoils and profits, but that to the pro ducer, who works with brawn and brain both, belongs a fair share, and his actions indicate that he intends to have it. I congratulate your paper on the effort it is making to bring about the ends I have alluded to in this brief article To espouse the cause of five million of farmers is no small job, and to manage the movement aright needs the skill of a General. I claim to be engaged in this cause is the noblest work a man and a true citi zen, who feels a greater interest in his country than he does in party, can do. We need the best men that can be produced for leaders; and it is the duty of every intelligent farmer to take hold and help bring out such men, and not stand idly by and let mistakes be made. I write for your paper, because I hope we may not only inaugurate the plan of exchanging correspondence be tween papers of the several States, but also that we may exchange speakers from different sections for our large meetings. Hoping I have said something to en courage some brother or sister in this work, I am, Yours for success, A. J. Philips. Bunn's Level, N. C, March 28, 1891. Mr. Editor: The farmers and their wisves, sons and daughters of this section met at Bunn's Level on Wed nesday last to hear the District Lec turer of this district, (Dr. Sea well). Mr. Johnson suspending his school for the occasion, the audience assembled in the Academy. The speaker was introduced by Sen ator Green, of Harnett. The Doctor has not been in the field long, but he impressed me as a matter- of-fact man and one earnest in his work. I have not time to report his speech. He was glad to see the ladies attend the lecture. It was exception!. Wo man is an important factor in the Alli ance. She was not taken out of man's head to rule over him: she was not taken out of his foot to be trampled upon by him ; she was not taken out of his back to follow him; nor -out of his breast to lead him, but out of his side that she might remain by and help him. He lectures publicly because he wants the people to know the truth The Alliance is the same old Alliance it used to be only a little more so. Other professions are organized. Or- gamzation 01 tne tanners is a neces sity. Uo-operation or tne iarmers is the only remedy that will cast off the net which is bringing us into servitude worse than the African slave ever en dured. The Doctor tells the secret of the Al liance. It is to do good. He meets the objections of critics to the Alliance. He shows some of the dangers threat ening a subversion of the government, The farmers own 23 per cent, of the property and pay 85 per cent, of all the taxes. 1,800 men owned the property of Rome when it fell. There are 35,000 millionaires in the United States now. How long before our own glorious re public will meet with a similar fate to that of Rome ? THE COST OF THE U. S. DEPART MENT OF AGRICULTURE. The following statement showing the appropriations for the United States Department of Agriculture for the fiscal years ending on the 30th of June. 1891 and 1892, respectfully, is by the order of the Secretary of Agriculture furnished to the agricultural press and such other papers as may desire to publish it. Secretary Rusk believes it to be the right and privilege of the people and especially of the farmers of this country to have laid before them in plain figures the particulars of the sums devoted from the National Treas ury to the Department of Agriculture. The fiscal years covered by the state ment represent the appropriations for which the present administration is re sponsible. For purposes of comparison the totals for the two years are also given.- This is made the more neces sary as garbled figures have been pub lished, conveying an utterly wrong im pression by the omission of the appro- pria:ons for experiment stations from thefvo previous' years and their in serUon in the appropriations mad ur der Secretary Rusk's administration, and furthermore by the addition to these last of the $900,000 for the Weather Bureau, which has not yet been transferred to the Department, and the expenditures of which, when, the transfer shall take place next July,, will not be an addition to the expenses of the National Government but mere ly the transfer of certain expenses from the accounts of one Department to those of another. Inasmuch as mem bers of Congress and members coming from agricultural States have not scrupled to resort to this form of mis representation, with a view apparent ly to create a prejudice against the ex penditures of the National Government on behalf of agriculture, justice to the farmers' interests demands that the facts in the case be widely known. For the benefit of those who desire to carry comparisons a little further the figures of the appropriations made for other departments of the National Government are also appended to the statement herewith. It will be seen by such comparison that whatever the increase may have been in the annual appropriations for the Department of Agriculture, it would have had to be much greater to bring the Department up to its proper place as ah executive branch of the government, practically representative of nearly one -half the people of the country. Under such circumstances Secretary Rusk feels it his duty to make public a full statement of the appropriations for agriculture through such journals a are especially representative of the farmers interests or as may desire to use them in the interest of fair play to the farmer. appopriations for department of ag riculture. 1890-'91. 1891-'92. Office of the Secretary, sal aries S 80,500.00 80,500.00 Miscellaneous, 2,500.00 Division of Accounts and 19,100.00 30,100.00 100.000.00 8,600.00 40,000.00 9.500.00 7,800.00 9,800.00 15,000.00 6,31(0.01) 5,(KK.0O 4,7X).00 2,000.00 5,600.00 15,000.00 17,100.00 6,900.00 12,500.00 50,000.00 7,820.00 15,(1)0.00 6,300.00 17,000.06 2,000.00 13,520.00 105,400 JX 8,460.00 2,000,00 2,500.00 28,500.00 3,840.00 3,000.00 5,000.00 25,000.00 500,000.00 - 15,000.00 Disbursements, 14,300.00 Statistics, salaries, 30,100.00 Miscellaneous, 100,000.00 Botany, salaries, 8,600.00 Miscellaneous, 40,000.00 Entomology, salaries, 9,500.00 Miscellaneous, 27,500.00 Ornithology & Mammalogy, salaries 9,800.00 Miscellaneous. 15,000.00 1 'omology, salaries, 0,300.00 Miscellaneous, 5,(KW.OO Microscopy, salaries, 4,700.00 Miscellaneous, 5,000.00 Vegetable Pathology,salariea 5,000.00 Miscellaneous, 15,000.00 Division of Chemistry, sal aries, 17,100.00 Laboratory investigations, 10,200.00 Adulteration (food) 10,000,00 Sugar experiments, 50,000.00 Forestry, salaries, 7.820.00 Miscellaneous, 10,000.00 Records and Editing,salaries 5,800.00 Illustrations & Engraving, salaries, 17,000.00 Miscellaneous, 2,000.00 Seeds, salaries, 13,520.(X) Miscellaneous, 105,400.00 Document and Folding Room, salaries, 8,460.00 Miscellaneous, 2,000.00 Experimental Garden and Grounds, salaries, 2,500.00 Miscellaneous, 28,500.00 Museum, salaries, 3,840.00 Miscellaneous, 4,000.00 Furniture cases and repairs, 10,000.00 Library, miscellaneous, 3,000.00 Postage, 5,000.00 Contingent expenses, 20,000.00 Bureau of Animal Industry, salaries and expenses, 350,000.00 Quarantine stations for neat cattle, 15,000.00 Experiment Station (Arling ton estate) 20,000.00 Fiber investigation. Irrigation investigations, Printing, first appro priation, 1890, $40,000 Deficiency 10,000 $50,000.00 10,000.00 10.000.00 75,000.00 Total for Agricultural De partment, as per last year's organization 1,154,100.00 1,345,400.0 Agricultural Experiment Stations, 675,000.00 728,000.00. 2,073,400.00. Weather Bureau (trans ferred to Department of Agriculture from War Department by act of Oct. 1, 1890), Salaries, 182,330.00- Miscellaneous, 24,558.00 General expenses, 672,865.50 Totals, 1,829400.00 2,953,153.50 DEPARTMENT APPROPRIATIONS BY TUB FIFTIETH CONGRESS. 1888-'89. 1889-m Agricultural Department proper, 1,120,826.14 1,079,770.00- Printing (by Pub. Print'r) 40,914.37 39,235.45 , Total, 1,161,740.40 1,119,005.45. Agri. ExpeWt Stations, 595,000.00 600,000.001 52,280,745.96 j,499,500.00 Total, 1,756,740.51 1,719.005.45 Comparison of figures shows the total appropriation for the Depart ment by the 50th Congress, leaving oui me experiment siaiions, io have been And by the 51st Congress An increase since the Department became an executive brancn ol the Government of $218,754.04 APPROPRIATIONS FOR OTHER DEPARTMENTS FOR THE CURRENT FISCAL TEAR 1890-'fll State Department, l,mfi7QA9 Treasury Department, 28,850,939.1 War Department, 64,06)1,539.57 Navy Department, 24,6i6,028.5a Interior Department, 120,587,167.62 Postoflice Department, 866,039.41 Department of Justice, 40,963.70 The New York Herald has recently been giving cogent reasons for the com ing to these latitudes in a not remote future of another glacial epoch. The way in which the Herald settles these questions is so cool that it makes one uneasy about the predictions. The Bulletins of the Experiment Sta tion at Raleigh, as far as possible, are illustrated by numerous cuts to accom pany the descriptive matter. An illus tration oftentimes will be of greater value than a page of type. ; l "I
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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April 7, 1891, edition 1
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